Topics 1 to 6

Theme 1

Intraparenchymal hemorrhagic stroke

How to diagnose intraparenchymal hemorrhage?

What should be the blood pressure target for intraparenchymal hemorrhage?

How to reverse coagulopathies with intraparenchymal hemorrhage?

When should we operate on patients with intraparenchymal hemorrhage?

What are the main complications and management of intraparenchymal hemorrhage?

How to investigate the cause of intraparenchymal hemorrhage?

Theme 2

Headache – initial approach and differential diagnosis

Doctor, I have an intense headache. Is it serious?

How can I recognize that the pain is primary?

When should I worry about a more serious secondary cause?

When should I request additional tests for headache and which ones?

What differential tests should no one miss in the ER?

Sub 1 – Main severe secondary headaches in the emergency room and how to make an etiological diagnosis 1 – SAH

Sub 2 – Main severe secondary headaches in the emergency room and how to make an etiological diagnosis 2 – CVT

Sub 3 – Main severe secondary headaches in the emergency room and how to make an etiological diagnosis 3 – Cervical artery dissection

Sub 4 – Main severe secondary headaches in the emergency room and how to make an etiological diagnosis 4 – Meningitis/Meningoencephalitis

Sub 5 – Main severe secondary headaches in the emergency room and how to make an etiological diagnosis 5 – Intracranial hypertension

Sub 6 – Main severe secondary headaches in the emergency room and how to make an etiological diagnosis 6 – Vasoconstriction syndrome

Sub 7 – Main severe secondary headaches in the emergency room and how to make an etiological diagnosis 7 – others (giant cell arteritis, COVID, etc.)

How can I be sure that a patient has a migraine and not another differential?

What about cluster headache? I've never seen one, how can I recognize it?

And this toothache? Is it neuralgia?

Theme 3

Neuro-ophthalmology: diplopia

How to perform a neurological examination in a patient complaining of diplopia?

How to investigate a patient with oculomotor palsy (III)?

How to investigate a patient with abducens palsy (VI)?

How to investigate a patient with a central pattern of diplopia (OIN and skew)?

Theme 4

Stroke – Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Who is more likely to have CVT?

Could this headache be CVT?

What should I look for on neuroimaging? Do I

always need to order a CT angiogram? How should I look for it?

Is it really a CVT? What do I do now in the ER? – What do I need to monitor? How should I monitor it?

What are the treatment options? – When should neurosurgery be indicated?

Theme 5

Ischemic stroke

How to recognize a neurovascular syndrome?

How to provide initial care for a neurovascular syndrome?

How to perform the NIHSS?

How to evaluate a head CT scan in suspected ischemic stroke?

What are the indications and contraindications for thrombectomy?

How to identify and deal with complications of reperfusion therapy?

What should be the monitoring (clinical, BP, blood glucose, temperature) and goals in the 24 hours after ischemic stroke?

How to screen for dysphagia in a patient with ischemic stroke?

How to use antiplatelet therapy in the acute phase of ischemic stroke?

When to indicate a craniectomy in an ischemic stroke?

How to study the vessels of a patient with ischemic stroke to address the mechanism?

How to perform a cardiac study of a patient with ischemic stroke to address the mechanism?

What should I advise upon discharge of a patient who has had an ischemic stroke?

Theme 6

Stroke – subarachnoid hemorrhage

Who is more likely to have SAH?

Could this headache be SAH?

What should I look for on neuroimaging?

It came back normal! Do I always need to order a CSF?

Is it SAH or a puncture accident?

Should I always order a vascular study? Which

one should I order? Is it really SAH? What do I do now in the ER? – What do I need to monitor? How do I monitor?

What are the treatment options?

Themes 7 to 12

Theme 7

Headache – treatment of primary headaches

General principles and goals of treatment of patients with primary headache in the emergency room

Treatment of migraine in the emergency room

Treatment of cluster headache in the emergency room

Theme 8

Vertigo

What could this dizziness complaint be?

What elements help me differentiate peripheral from central vertigo?

Should I be concerned that this vertigo could be a stroke?

When should I request a neuroimaging exam and what should I look for in the exam?

What are the main differential diagnoses of vertigo in the emergency room

How to treat the main differential diagnoses of vertigo

Theme 9

Coma

What is a coma? What does a drowsy, stupefied or comatose patient mean?

What are the causes of decreased consciousness?

What should I do in the initial care of a patient with decreased level of consciousness?

What is the rationale for the neurological examination of a patient with decreased level of consciousness? Is

the assessment of the level of consciousness summarized by the Glasgow Coma Scale?

What does decerebrate and decorticate mean?

What can the pupils tell us about coma?

Why can ocular motility help us in the topodiagnosis of coma?

The pupils opened! What does this mean in a patient in a coma?

The pupils are anisochoric! What does this mean in a patient in a coma?

It is herniating! What do I do? Should I give salt?

What if the decreased level of consciousness persists for a long time? Is

every patient who does not react to stimuli in a coma?

How to identify a patient in possible Brain Death?

What is the neurological examination like in the evaluation of Brain Death?

How to perform an apnea test?

What are the mimics in the context of possible Brain Death?

Theme 10

Delirium

Why should we give importance to the patient in delirium?

He is confused. How to recognize a patient in delirium

Is there the famous NeuroUTI?

Which patient in delirium needs a CT scan and CSF?

When is quetiapine necessary for the patient?

He ran out of booze and is now agitated and confused. What should I do? Does

thiamine save brains?

Theme 11

First seizure/escape seizure

How to differentiate epileptic seizure from syncope?

How to differentiate epileptic seizure from PNES?

How to differentiate a focal seizure from a generalized seizure?

What laboratory tests are required for the first epileptic seizure

? How to use imaging tests for the first epileptic seizure?

Should we collect a cerebrospinal fluid test for the first epileptic seizure?

Which anti-seizure drug should we introduce for the first epileptic seizure?

What should we advise the patient upon discharge from the first epileptic seizure?

Theme 12

Status epilepticus

What is the definition of status epilepticus?

What should be the initial approach to convulsive status epilepticus?

How to use benzodiazepines in convulsive status epilepticus?

How to use anti-seizure drugs in convulsive status epilepticus?

How to start, adjust, and stop sedation in convulsive status epilepticus?

How to use anti-seizure drug dosage in convulsive status epilepticus?

What do I need to know about electroencephalography in the management of status epilepticus?

What are the differences in the treatment of convulsive and non-convulsive status epilepticus?

Themes 13 to 19

Theme 13

Bacterial and Viral Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis

When should I think about meningitis? And about encephalitis

? Do

I need to request

an imaging test before collecting cerebrospinal fluid? What should I pay attention to when requesting an imaging test?

What should I pay attention to when requesting an imaging test?

How to differentiate between viral, bacterial and other etiologies of meningitis?

How to treat empirically?

Should I always give corticosteroids before antibiotics?

What should I monitor when treating the patient?

Complications of infections and treatment

Theme 14

Encephalitis

What is the difference between encephalopathy and encephalitis?

How to use imaging methods in the initial evaluation of encephalitis?

How to use laboratory tests (including cerebrospinal fluid) in the initial evaluation of encephalitis?

How to use the electroencephalogram to assist in the evaluation of encephalitis?

How to perform the initial empirical treatment of encephalitis?

When to consider and what is the initial approach in autoimmune encephalitis?

Theme 15

Neuro-ophthalmology – visual loss

What are the history data in patients with neurological visual loss?

How to perform a neurological examination of the optic nerve?

How to use imaging methods in the evaluation of optic neuropathy?

How to use laboratory tests in the evaluation of optic neuropathy?

How to treat optic neuritis?

How to differentiate optic neuritis from anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION)?

How to treat anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION)?

Theme 16

Acute flaccid paralysis – Guillain Barre

What are the medical history data for patients with acute flaccid paralysis?

How should a neurological examination be performed on a patient with suspected Guillain Barre?

How should an electroneuromyography examination be interpreted in a patient with Guillain Barre?

How should laboratory tests (including cerebrospinal fluid) be used in patients with Guillain Barre?

How should immunoglobulin be used appropriately in patients with Guillain Barre syndrome?

When should ventilatory support be indicated in patients with Guillain Barre?

Theme 17

Acute flaccid paralysis – Myasthenia Gravis

What history data are typical of myasthenia gravis?

How to perform a neurological examination on a patient suspected of myasthenia gravis?

How to interpret an electroneuromyography exam in myasthenia gravis?

How to interpret laboratory tests in patients with myasthenia gravis?

When to indicate ventilatory support in patients with myasthenia gravis in the emergency room?

How to use pyridostigmine in myasthenia gravis and myasthenic crisis?

How to use immunotherapy (immunoglobulin and corticosteroids) in patients with myasthenia gravis in the emergency room?

Theme 18

Acute myelopathy

What history data suggest myelopathy?

How should a patient with suspected myelopathy be examined neurologically?

How should imaging be used in acute myelopathies?

How should laboratory tests (including cerebrospinal fluid) be used in acute myelopathies?

How should compressive myelopathies be treated?

How should ischemic myelopathies be treated?

How should inflammatory myelopathies be treated?

Theme 19

Movement Disorder Emergencies

How to identify a Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?

What are the therapeutic approaches in Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?

How to identify a Serotonin Syndrome?

What are the therapeutic approaches in Serotonin Syndrome?

What are the acute hyperkinetic syndromes of interest in the ER?

What are the differential diagnoses of acute dystonia?

What are the therapeutic approaches in acute dystonias in the ER?

What is the diagnostic approach and differential diagnoses in acute chorea in the ER?

What is the therapeutic approach in acute chorea in the ER?

What are the differential diagnoses of acute/subacute ataxia in the ER?

What is the diagnostic approach to a patient with acute/subacute ataxia in the ER?

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Hospital Gases and Gas Therapy Network

Neuroanatomia 3D

Cannabinoid Medicine Course

Emergency Neurology Course

Cardiovascular Emergencies

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